Exploration of Phytoconstituents and In-Vitro Pharmacological Activities of Chamabiania Cuspidata Leaves from Himalayan Regions

Abstract

Background: Inflammation remain significant global health challenges, necessitating the exploration of safer plant-based therapeutic agents. Chamabainia cuspidata, a Himalayan medicinal plant has been traditionally used but lacks comprehensive scientific validation.
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and evaluate the in-vitro anti-inflammatory potential of Chamabainia cuspidata leaves.
Methods: Ethanolic extracts were subjected to pharmacognostical, physicochemical, and phytochemical evaluation following WHO guidelines. Chromatographic profiling was performed using TLC and HPTLC with quercetin as a marker compound. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using protein denaturation and membrane stabilization assays.
Results: The extract demonstrated the presence of major phytoconstituents including alkaloids, glycosides, phenolics, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids and steroids. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be 17.24 mg GAE g⁻¹ and 266.30 mg RE g⁻¹, respectively. The extract exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation and membrane haemolysis along with significant inhibition of calcium oxalate crystal formation and aggregation.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that Chamabainia cuspidata possesses moderate anti-inflammatory supporting its traditional use and highlighting its promise as a source of bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications.