In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Analysis of Grewia Multiflora Juss

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Grewia multiflora Juss. extracts obtained using solvents of different polarities, namely chloroform, acetone, methanol, water and also methanol (70%). Fresh leaves of Grewia multiflora Juss. (5 kg) were collected from the Meru Matha area near the Subarnarekha River in the biodiversity region of the Similipal forest, Mayurbhanj district.The extracts were prepared and their percentage yields were determined. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, while total phenolic content was estimated by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Among the tested extracts, the methanol (70%) extract exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity, with the lowest IC50 value of 95.08. This activity correlated with its highest total phenolic content (115.48±3.72mg GAE/g) and greatest extraction yield (17.35%). In comparison, the methanol extract showed moderate antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 205.96, a total phenolic content of 108.47±3.12 mg GAE/g, and a lower extraction yield of 9.18%. The chloroform and acetone extracts demonstrated the weakest antioxidant activity, which corresponded with their low phenolic content and minimal extraction yield. These findings suggest that solvent polarity significantly influences the extraction efficiency, phenolic composition, and antioxidant potential of Grewia multiflora Juss., indicating that the plant may serve as a promising natural source of antioxidant compounds.