The Role of Job Stress and Professionalism as Mediators of the Effects of Shift Work and Work Environment on the Well-Being of Pharmacy Personnel in Hospitals in Kendari City

Abstract

The well-being of pharmacy personnel is an important factor in maintaining service quality and patient safety in hospitals. This study aimed to analyze the effects of shift work and the work environment on the well-being of pharmacy personnel, with job stress and professionalism as mediating variables. This study employed a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design. The research involved pharmacy personnel working at RSU Bahteramas and RSUD Kota Kendari. A total of 110 pharmacy personnel were selected using saturated sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling with SmartPLS. The results showed that the work environment had a positive and significant effect on professionalism, with a coefficient of 0.557, and on well-being, with a coefficient of 0.354. Professionalism also had a positive and significant effect on well-being, with a coefficient of 0.543. In contrast, shift work had no significant effect on job stress, professionalism, or well-being. The work environment had no significant effect on job stress, while job stress had no significant effect on well-being. The mediation analysis showed that job stress did not mediate the effects of shift work or the work environment on well-being. Professionalism did not mediate the effect of shift work on well-being. However, professionalism partially mediated the effect of the work environment on well-being, with an indirect effect coefficient of 0.302. The research model explained 67.9 percent of the variance in the well-being of pharmacy personnel. This study concludes that improving the well-being of pharmacy personnel requires hospital management to prioritize the improvement of the work environment and the strengthening of professionalism.