Evaluating the Efficacy of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Review of Case Series

Abstract

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder characterized by hyperphagia, obesity, and metabolic complications including diabetes mellitus. Managing these symptoms is challenging because of the syndrome's multifaceted nature. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, known for their efficacy in diabetes and weight management, have emerged as potential therapeutic agents for PWS. Methods: This review synthesizes findings from PubMed-indexed case reports on GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with PWS. Articles were selected based on specific criteria that focused on changes in weight, glycemic control, and hyperphagia. The effects of these agents, both as monotherapy and in combination with other drugs, were analyzed. Results: Four case reports met the inclusion criteria and highlighted significant clinical outcomes. Treatments with GLP-1 receptor agonists were associated with notable weight loss, reductions in HbA1c, and improved control of hyperphagia. Cases varied in treatment duration and combinations but consistently showed positive effects on PWS's primary symptoms. Conclusion: GLP-1 receptor agonists represent a promising therapeutic option for managing core symptoms of Prader-Willi syndrome, particularly when traditional treatments have failed. Further research is essential to establish long-term safety and efficacy and guide optimal therapeutic strategies for this challenging syndrome.