Effectiveness of Video-Assisted Teaching on Knowledge of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Spirometer Benefits among Hospitalized Patients: A One-Group Pre-Test–Post-Test Study

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a long-term respiratory condition that requires patients to understand their illness, recognize the importance of symptom management, and participate in appropriate respiratory care. Patient education may improve knowledge and support self-management; however, hospitalized patients may have limited information about COPD and the benefits of spirometer-related breathing practices.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a video-assisted teaching (VAT) programme on knowledge regarding COPD and spirometer benefits among COPD patients admitted to Adichunchanagiri Hospital and Research Centre, B G Nagara.

Methods: A quantitative evaluative study with a pre-experimental one-group pre-test–post-test design was conducted among 40 hospitalized COPD patients selected by convenience sampling. A 30-item structured knowledge questionnaire was administered before the intervention. Participants then received VAT addressing COPD, breathing exercises, living with COPD, and spirometer-use techniques and benefits. The same questionnaire was administered seven days later. Descriptive statistics, paired t test, and chi-square test were used.

Results: The mean knowledge score increased from 15.05 (SD 1.58) at pre-test to 24.40 (SD 1.46) at post-test, yielding a mean difference of 9.35 points. The reported paired t value was 27.75 (df = 39, p < 0.05). At pre-test, 15 participants (37.5%) had inadequate knowledge and 25 (62.5%) had moderate knowledge; no participant had adequate knowledge. At post-test, 35 participants (87.5%) had adequate knowledge and 5 (12.5%) had moderate knowledge. Occupation was significantly associated with pre-test knowledge level (χ² = 7.65, df = 2, p = 0.02).

Conclusions: VAT was associated with significantly improved short-term knowledge regarding COPD and spirometer benefits among hospitalized COPD patients. The findings support the use of structured audiovisual education as a nursing strategy, while recognizing that the uncontrolled design does not establish causality or clinical benefit.