An Intelligent Multimodal Framework for Personalized Autism Spectrum Disorder Assessment and Therapeutic Support

Abstract

The disorder of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that involves various abilities and variations, such as difficulties with specific skills or repetitive tasks, as well as verbal and non-verbal communication. They cannot increase or decrease sensitivity to sensory input such as sound, touch or smell. This includes recognising the diversity of experience and ability across the spectrum and fostering an inclusive and supportive environment for people with autism. The study examines the relationship between certain behavioural signals, such as eye movements and tongue protrusions, that children show during and after exposure to vivid stimuli. The observation was made under controlled conditions of a group comprising children with ASD and developmental peers. Where their reactions to the cartoons were recorded. The analysis showed clear patterns: while typically developing children had a variety of facial expressions and actively engaged in content, children with ASD often had a limited emotional response, including a minimal or delayed response, and characteristic behaviours such as repeated eye movements (up-down). gaze) and occasional tongue protrusions. These findings highlight the potential of using subtle behavioural indicators captured by video-based assessments to aid in the early screening and detection of ASD. It faces challenges in understanding and responding to social cues, building relationships, and expressing empathy, delayed speech development,   difficulties in understanding and using language, or a complete lack of non-verbal communication.